Ana amfani da kayan aikin defluorination don cire fluorine lokacin da abun ciki na fluorine ya wuce. Fluoride ne dole ne trace abubuwa a cikin jikin mutum, a cikin ruwa abun ciki a tsakanin 1.0 ~ 1.5mg / L, dogon lokaci shan yana da kadan mummunan tasiri a kan jikin mutum; Lokacin da abun ciki na fluoride a cikin ruwa ya wuce 1.5mg / L, shan na dogon lokaci yana da sauƙi ga fluoroplasm da osteoporosis, don haka abun ciki na fluoride a cikin ruwan shan ruwa bai kamata ya wuce 1.0mg / L ba, a yanayi na musamman bai kamata ya wuce 1.5mg / L ba. Fluoridation tsari kawar da aiki aluminum oxide adsorption hanyar, Concrete precipitation hanyar da electrolysis hanyar, akwai kuma reverse osmosis hanyar, lantarki aggregation hanyar, kashi carbon hanyar da sauransu. Dangane da binciken, a halin yanzu ruwan karkashin kasa, aikin sarrafa ruwa mai zurfi a cikin injiniyan ruwan ruwa na yau da kullun, aikin ruwan sha mai aminci na karkara mafi yawan amfani da shi shine aikin defluorination shine aikin aluminum oxide adsorption da sabbin hanyoyin carbon da aka ci gaba a cikin 'yan shekarun nan, mafi yawan amfani da shi shine hanyar electrolysis da hanyar reverse osmosis a cikin

2, Overview na defluorination kayan aiki

Our kamfanin ci gaba da defluoride kayan aiki da amfani da multifunction defluoride tacewa zai iya tasiri cire fluorine ions a cikin ruwa, sauka zuwa rayuwa sha ruwa misali, a lokaci guda a kan sauran cutarwa ions a cikin ruwa kamar baƙin ƙarfe, manganese, nauyi karfe, ammonia nitrogen, turbidity ma da wasu cire tasiri, kuma babu wani surplus narkewa, tacewa kayan aiki za a iya maimaita sake dawowa, rayuwa har zuwa shekaru talatin.

Multi-aiki defluorinating tace, amfani da shigo da non-karfe kernel kayan da kuma ingancin silicic acid kayan, ta hanyar takamaiman high zafin jiki jiki kunnawa da kuma sinadarai halaye hada, da muhimmanci halaye ne high porosity, fiye da surface yanki, ion musayar, adsorption, catalytic, acid juriya, zafi juriya, radiation juriya da sauran ingancin kayan aiki.

3, defluorination kayan aiki ka'idar

Bayan shan aluminum ions, defluorinating tace, samar da hydroxy complex ion cluster a farfajiyar da porous, fluorine ions a cikin ruwa F - tare da OH na multi-aiki defluorinating tace - yi ion musayar, cimma manufar defluorinating, cire yawan > 95%, jimlar amsa formula kamar yadda ke ƙasa:

nF—+F.FAInOH—=F.FAlnF—+nOH—

F.F hadaddun kwayoyin siffa tsari: Multi-aiki defluorider ne wani tsari tsari na ruwa mai dauke da aluminum silicate ma'adanai, yafi ƙunshi da Na, Ca da 'yan ƙananan Sr, Ba, K, Mg da sauran karfe. Abubuwan sinadarai na F. F. Yawancin lokaci ana bayyana su ta hanyar kalmomin da ke gaba: (Na, K) x (Mg, Ca, Sr, Ba) y {Al (x + 2y) Si [n - (x + 2y)] O2n}? mH2O， Bayani na MxDy-R. Daga ciki: M yana wakiltar 1 darajar cations Na, K; D yana wakiltar 2-valued cations Mg, Ca, Sr, Ba; R yana wakiltar boiling 石骨架 {Al(x+2y)Si[n-(x+2y)]O2n}? mH2O。

Tsarin defluorider mai amfani da yawa yawanci ya ƙunshi rukunin oxygen na silicon (aluminum) mai girma uku, wanda shine silicon tetrahedral [Si O4] mai tsakiya da kewaye da ions 4 na oxygen.

Idan an maye gurbin silicon a cikin silicon tetrahedron da aluminum ions, an samar da aluminum tetrahedron. Aluminum ne + 3 darajar, don haka 1 daga cikin 4 saman kusurwa na aluminum oxygen tetrahedron ba zai iya samun tsaka tsaki ba, saboda haka ya bayyana mummunan wutar lantarki. Don daidaita wutar lantarkinsa, akwai ƙarfe cation da aka ƙara daidai. Silicon oxy tetrahedron da aluminum oxy tetrahedron haɗa juna ta hanyar su kusurwa samin, kuma ya kafa daban-daban siffofin uku silicon (aluminum) oxygen frame tsarin, wato multi-aiki defluorider tacewa tsarin. Saboda hanyar haɗin bambancin silicon (aluminum) oxygen tetrahedral, ana samar da rami da rami da yawa a cikin tsarin defluorider mai amfani da yawa.

Abubuwan da ke ciki a cikin tsarin defluoride mai amfani da yawa sau da yawa an cika su da kwayoyin ruwa, za a iya cirewa a takamaiman zafin jiki. Abubuwan da aka bar bayan cirewa da abubuwan da ke ciki da abubuwan da ke ciki da abubuwan da ke ciki da abubuwan da ke ciki da abubuwan da ke ciki da abubuwan da ke ciki da abubuwan da ke ciki.

Don daidaita cajin lantarki a cikin tsarin defluoride mai aiki da yawa don shiga cikin tsarin lu'ulu'u na defluoride mai aiki da yawa, ana iya maye gurbin ƙarfe na ƙarfe ko ƙarfe na ƙarfe da sauran ions. A matsayin daya daga cikin manyan abubuwan da ke cikin defluoride mai aiki da yawa, aluminum oxide yana da hydrolysis mai kama da gishirin aluminum, yanayin hydrolysis na gishirin aluminum da ingantaccen wutar lantarki na aluminum colloids yana samar da tushen ka'idar shiga fluorine ions masu ƙarfin lantarki. Multi-aiki defluorider tace da takamaiman high zafin jiki canzawa da kuma sinadarai kunnawa, da fluorine ions da high zaɓi musayar kayan aiki. Multi-aiki defluorant tace bayan absorption na fluorine za a iya sake amfani da deodorant, maimaita amfani.

4, sha ruwan ƙasa defluorination kayan aiki aiki halaye

(1) Raw ruwa PH darajar a cikin 8.0, ba a bukatar daidaita PH.

(2), da mafi kyau kwanciyar hankali. Ayyukan defluoride kamar aluminum oxide sun ragu tun bayan sake dawowa na farko, makamashin defluoride ya ragu, tare da haɓaka samar da sake zagayowar, saurin raguwa ya hanzarta; Multi-aiki defluorant tace yayin da a cikin farko goma sha biyu samar da sake zagayowar, kowane sake dawowa, makamashi kara sau daya har zuwa kwanciyar hankali.

(3), mai kyau ingancin ruwa. Active aluminum oxide da dai sauransu kawai za su iya kawar da fluoride kuma ba za su iya inganta ingancin ruwa gaba ɗaya ba; Multi-aiki defluorider tace iya inganta ingancin ruwa gaba daya. Ruwan da ke aiki na aluminum oxide yana da ƙaruwar aluminum ion ko ma matsalar wucewa, matattarar defluoride mai amfani da yawa ba ta da wannan matsalar. Aluminum ions zai sa mutum zuciya da kwakwalwa da jini m, haifar da bugun jini, paralysis, kwakwalwa dementia da sauransu.

(4), m tsangwama. Active aluminum oxide, hydroxyphosphate calcium, da dai sauransu tare da baƙin ƙarfe, manganese, taurin ruwa inganci, particle size zai zama da sauri karami, launi ya zama rawaya, aiki bayan sake dawowa yana da wuya, ko da biyu ko uku zagaye ya kashe. Multi-aiki defluorider tace ne a zahiri ba tare da tsangwama da mummunan ruwa inganci, kuma iya cire tsangwama abubuwa tare.

(5), aiki da kuma gudanarwa mai sauki. Active aluminum oxide da sauran gudanarwa da wuya ne mafi girma, ba za a iya samun shi da kyau a kan board node rashin aiki; Multi-aiki defluorant tacewa ba tare da matsalar kwalliya, ko da an ajiye shi shekaru da yawa, wanke shi kafin amfani, wato, dawo da asalin absorbing iya.

5, defluorination tace defluorination inji

Don bayyana tsarin sinadarai da sauƙaƙe tattaunawa, a ɗauka yanayi da yawa:

(1), K + a cikin aluminum potassium mafita za a iya yi cikakken musayar tare da MxDy;

(2), Al3 + a cikin mafita na potassium sulfate an yi hydrolysis a cikin yanayin mafi girman matakin hydrolysis (K = 1 × 10-5), watau Al3 + + H2O Al (OH) 2 + + H +;

(3) da (MxDy) + wakiltar jimlar cajin MxDy.

Bayan an canza defluorider mai aiki da yawa ta hanyar musamman na zahiri da sinadarai, an kunna shi ta hanyar mafita na aluminum sulfate, a cikin defluorider mai aiki da yawa, an kiyaye shi ta hanyar caji mai kyau (MxDy) + da K + a lokaci guda tare da ƙarfin ƙarfin ƙarfin ƙarfin ƙarfin ƙarfin ƙarfin ƙarfin ƙarfin ƙarfin ƙarfin ƙarfin ƙarfin ƙarfin ƙarfin ƙarfin ƙarfin ƙarfin ƙarfin ƙarfin ƙarfin ƙarfin ƙarfin ƙarfin ƙarfin ƙarfin ƙarfin ƙarfin ƙarfin ƙarfin ƙarfin ƙarfin ƙarfin ƙarfin ƙarfin ƙarfin ƙarfin ƙarfin ƙarfin ƙarfin ƙarfin ƙarfin ƙa Tsarin amsawa yana nunawa kamar:

MxDy—R+ K+ + Al3+ + SO42- +H2O→R—K? Al（OH）SO4 +（MxDy）+ +H+

Lokacin da defluorider mai aiki da yawa ya haɗu da ruwan da ke dauke da fluorine, F-mai ƙarfin lantarki zai maye gurbin SO42-, yayin da MxDy a cikin ruwan da ke dauke da fluorine ya shiga cikin ramin defluorider mai aiki da yawa, tare da K + a cikin ramin defluorider mai aiki da yawa. Amsa aka nuna a matsayin:

R—K? Al（OH）SO4 +2F-+（MxDy）+→MxDy—R? Al（OH）F2 + K+ + SO42-

Defluorination kayan aiki sigogi tebur:

abubuwa / Model	Samfurin ruwa (m3 / h)	Diamita na tanki (mm)	Nauyin kayan aiki na jiki (Kg)	Ruwa yawan jama'a
HCF-1	4～6.5	￠1000	900	1600
HCF-2	8～12	￠1400	2300	3200
HCF-4	13～20	￠1800	3500	5400
HCF-5	16～25	￠2000	4000	6400
HCF-6	20～36	￠2400	4900	8000
HCF-7	28～40	￠2600	5400	11000
HCF-8	35～50	￠2800	6000	13000
HCF-9	45～60	￠3000	6700	16000